Italy veteran lock Marco Bortolami will miss the November Tests after undergoing surgery on his shoulder at the weekend.
Italy's 2007 World Cup captain dislocated his left shoulder in the loss to Argentina on June 9 and complications following two previous surgeries meant a third operation was necessary.
The Italian Rugby Federation confirmed on Tuesday the surgery in Parma was a success but Bortolami has to wear a brace for at least a month and he will then have another check-up.
Italy plays Tonga on November 10, as well as New Zealand a week later and Australia on November 24.
